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SIMULATION
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Models and reality : some reflections on the art and science of simulation

George A. Bekey

Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles, California 90007

This paper presents a philosophical overview of simulation, with an emphasis on the nature of the relation between models and the systems they repre sent. Model-making is shown to be an essential feature of human thinking. The "abstraction ladder," which leads from observations of reality to mathemat ical models, is reviewed from a semantic viewpoint. The problem of validation of the results of a simula tion is then outlined. The paper concludes with some philosophical observations on the relation of model and reality.

SIMULATION, Vol. 29, No. 5, 161-164 (1977)
DOI: 10.1177/003754977702900524


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