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Empirical Validation of Wireless Models in Simulations of Ad Hoc Routing Protocols

Department of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, xliu{at}mines.edu

Yougu Yuan

Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1308 West Main Street, Urbana, IL 61801

David M. Nicol

Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1308 West Main Street, Urbana, IL 61801

Robert S. Gray

Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, 6211 Sudikoff Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755

Calvin C. Newport

Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, 6211 Sudikoff Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755

David Kotz

Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, 6211 Sudikoff Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755

Luiz Felipe Perrone

Department of Computer Science, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA 17837

Computer simulation has been used extensively as an effective tool in the design and evaluation of systems. One should not, however, underestimate the importance of validation—the process of ensuring whether a simulation model is an appropriate representation of the real-world system. Validation of wireless network simulations is difficult due to strong interdependencies among protocols at different layers and uncertainty in the wireless environment. The authors present an approach of coupling direct-execution simulation and traces from real outdoor experiments to validating simple wireless models that are used commonly in simulations of wireless ad hoc networks. This article documents a common testbed that supports direct execution of a set of ad hoc routing protocol implementations in a wireless network simulator. By comparing routing behavior measured in the real experiment with behavior computed by the simulation, the authors validate the models of radio behavior upon which protocol behavior depends.

Key Words: Wireless network simulation • direct-execution simulation • trace-driven simulation • simulation verification and validation

SIMULATION, Vol. 81, No. 4, 307-323 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/0037549705055017


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