|
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
|
Specification of Discrete Event Models for Fire Spreading
Alexandre Muzy
Fire Computer Modeling & Simulation, University of Corsica, SPE-UMR CNRS 6134, B.P. 52, Campus Grossetti, 20250 Corti. France, a.muzy{at}univ-corse.fr
Eric Innocenti
Fire Computer Modeling & Simulation, University of Corsica, SPE-UMR CNRS 6134, B.P. 52, Campus Grossetti, 20250 Corti. France
Antoine Aiello
Fire Computer Modeling & Simulation, University of Corsica, SPE-UMR CNRS 6134, B.P. 52, Campus Grossetti, 20250 Corti. France
Jean-François Santucci
Fire Computer Modeling & Simulation, University of Corsica, SPE-UMR CNRS 6134, B.P. 52, Campus Grossetti, 20250 Corti. France
Gabriel Wainer
Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, 4456 Mackenzie Building, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
The fire-spreading phenomenon is highly complex, and existing mathematical models of fire are so complex themselves that any possibility of analytical solution is precluded. Instead, there has been some success when studying fire spread by means of simulation. However, precise and reliable mathematical models are still under development. They require extensive computing resources, being adequate to run in batch mode but making it difficult to meet real-time deadlines. As fire scientists need to learn about the problem domain through experimentation, simulation software needs to be easily modified. The authors used different discrete event modeling techniques to deal with these problems. They have qualitatively compared the Discrete Event System Specification (DEVS) and Cell-DEVS simulation results against controlled laboratory experiments, which allowed them to validate both simulation models of fire spread. They were able to show how these techniques can improve the definition of fire models.
Key Words: Discrete event simulation • DEVS • Cell-DEVS • Cellular Automata • fire spread
References
- Albright, D., and B. N. Meisner. 1999. Classification of fire simulation systems . Fire Management Notes 59 (1): 5-12 .
- Porterie, B., D. Morvan, J. C. Loraud, and M. Larini. 2000. Fire spread through fuel beds: Modelling of wind aided fires and induced hydrodynamics . Physics of Fluids 12 (7): 1762-1872 .[CrossRef]
- Campbell, D. T. 1974. Downward causation. In Hierarchically organized biological systems: Studies in the philosophy of biology, edited by F. J. Ayala and T. Dobzhansky, 179-186. New York: Macmillan .
- Zeigler, B. P. 1976. Theory of modeling and simulation. New York: John Wiley .
- Balbi, J. H., P.A. Santoni, and J. L. Dupuy. 1999. Dynamic modelling of fire spread across a fuel bed . International Journal of Wildland Fire 9: 275-284 .[CrossRef]
- Wolfram, S. 1994. Cellular automata and complexity: Collected papers. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley .
- Santoni, P. A. 1998. Elaboration of an evolving calculation domain for the resolution of a fire spread model . Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A 33: 279-298 .
- Wainer, G., and N. Giambiasi. 2001. Application of the Cell-DEVS paradigm for cell spaces modeling and simulation . SIMULATION 76 (1): 22-39 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Zeigler, B. P., H. Praehofer, and T. G. Kim. 2000. Theory of modeling and simulation. 2nd ed. New York: Academic Press .
- Weber, R. O. 1990. Modelling fire spread through fuel beds . Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 17: 67-82 .
- McArthur, A. G. 1966. Weather and grassland fire behaviour. Australian Forest and Timber Bureau Leaflet, Canberra, No. 100 .
- Rothermel, R. C. 1972. A mathematical model for predicting fire spread in wildland fuels. Forest Service Research Paper INT-115, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
- Veach, M. S., P. D. Coddington, and G. C. Fox. 1994. BURN: A simulation of forest fire propagation. Project Report for the Northeast Parallel Architectures Center, Research Experiences for Undergraduates Programme. Accessed from http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/119736.html
- Finney, M. A. 1995. FARSITE: Fire area simulator: Version 1.0—Users guide and technical documentation. Missoula, MT: Systems for Environmental Management .
- Andrews, P. L., and C. D. Bevins. 1998. Update and expansion of the BEHAVE fire behavior prediction system. Technical report. Accessed from http://www.firelab.org/fbp/fbppubs/fbppdf/pandrews/update.pdf
- Coleman, J. R., and A. L. Sullivan. 1996. A real-time computer application for the prediction of fire spread across the Australian landscape . SIMULATION 67 (4): 230-240 .
- Richards, G. D. 1990. An elliptical growth model of forest fire fronts and its numerical solution . International Journal for Numerical Method Engineering 30: 1163-1179 .[CrossRef]
- Berjak, S. G., and J. W. Hearne. 2002. An improved cellular automaton model for simulating fire in a spatially heterogeneous savanna system . Ecological Modelling 148: 133-151 .[CrossRef]
- Vasconcelos, M. J., J. M. C. Pereira, and B. P. Zeigler. 1995. Simulation of fire growth using discrete event hierarchical modular models . EARSeL Advances in Remote Sensing 4 (3): 54-62 .
- Ameghino, J., A. Troccoli, and G. Wainer. 2001. Models of complex physical systems using Cell-DEVS . In Proceedings of Annual Simulation Symposium, Seattle, WA.
- Barros, F., and G. L. Ball. 1998. Fire modeling using dynamic structure cellular automata . In 14th Conference on Fire and Forest Meteorology, Luso, Portugal.
- Albini, F. A. 1985. A model for fire spread in wildland fuels by radiation . Combustion Science and Technology 42: 229-258 .
- Grishin, A. M. 1997. Mathematical modeling of forest fires and new methods of fighting them. Tomsk, Russia: Publishing House of Tomsk State University .
- Larini, M., F. Giroux, B. Porterie, and J. C. Loraud. 1997. A multiphase formulation for fire propagation in heterogeneous combustible media . International Journal of Heat Mass Transactions 41: 881-897 .
- Giroux, F. 1997. Contribution to fire spreading modelling: Multi-phase approach of forest fires, development of a propellant fire in a semi-confined medium. Ph.D. diss., University of Provence, IUSTI, Aix-Marseille-I, France (in French).
- Dupuy, J. L., and M. Larini. 2001. Fire spread through a porous forest fuel bed: A radiative and convective model including fire-induced flow effects . International of Wildland Fire 9: 155-172 .
- Santoni, P. A. 1997. Propagation de feux de forêt, modélisation dynamique et résolution numérique, validation sur des feuxdelitière. Ph.D. diss., University of Corsica.
- Muzy, A., T. Marcelli, A. Aiello, P.A. Santoni, J. F. Santucci, and J. H. Balbi. 2001. An object oriented environment applied to a semi-physical model of fire spread across a fuel bed . In ESS 2001-DEVS Workshop, Marseille, France.
- Zeigler, B. P. 1984. Multifaceted modeling and discrete event simulation. London: Academic Press .
- Wainer, G. 2002. CD++: A toolkit to define discrete-event models . Software, Practice and Experience 32 (3): 1261-1306 .[CrossRef]
- Muzy, A., G. Wainer, E. Innocenti, A. Aiello, and J. F. Santucci. 2002. Comparing simulation methods for fire spreading across a fuel bed . In Proceedings of AIS 2002—Simulation and Planning in High Autonomy Systems, Lisbon, Portugal, pp. 219-224 .
- Balbi, J. H., P. A. Santoni, and J. L. Dupuy. 1998. International Journal of Wildland Fire 9: 275-284 .[CrossRef]
- Filippi, J. B., F. Chiari, and P. Bisgambiglia. 2002. Using JDEVS for the modeling and simulation of natural complex systems . In Proceedings of AIS 2002—Simulation and Planning in High Autonomy Systems, Lisbon, Portugal, pp. 317-322 .
- Marcelli, T., A. Aiello, P. A. Santoni, and J. H. Balbi. 1999. An object oriented environment applied to the fire spread across a fuel bed under local wind condition . Paper presented at the Advanced Technology Workshop, 10-11 June, University of Corsica, France.
- Ainsworth, A. 1995. Theory and numerics of ordinary and partial equations. New York: Clarendon .
- Zeigler, B. P. 1998. DEVS theory of quantized systems. Advanced simulation technology thrust DARPA contract.
- Kofman, E. 2002. A second-order approximation for DEVS simulation of continuous systems . SIMULATION 78 (1): 76-90 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Muzy, A., E. Innocenti, G. Wainer, A. Aiello, and J. F. Santucci. 2002. Cell-DEVS quantization techniques in a fire spreading application . In Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference 2002, San Diego, pp. 542-549 .
- Nutaro, J. 2003. Parallel discrete event simulation with applications to continuous systems. Computer science PhD thesis. University of Arizona, Tuscon.
- Jammalamadaka, R. 2003. Activity characterization of spatial models: Application to discrete event solution of partial differential equations. Maîtrise d’informatique thesis. University of Arizona, Tuscon.
- Muzy, A. 2004. Elaboration of deterministic models for the simulation of complex spatial systems: Application to forest fire propagation [In French]. Computer science PhD thesis. University of Corsica, Corti.
SIMULATION, Vol. 81, No. 2,
103-117 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/0037549705052230
 CiteULike  Complore  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati  Twitter What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
L. Ntaimo, Xiaolin Hu, and Yi Sun
DEVS-FIRE: Towards an Integrated Simulation Environment for Surface Wildfire Spread and Containment
SIMULATION,
April 1, 2008;
84(4):
137 - 155.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Jain and C. R. McLean
Components of an Incident Management Simulation and Gaming Framework and Related Developments
SIMULATION,
January 1, 2008;
84(1):
3 - 25.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Wainer
Applying Cell-DEVS Methodology for Modeling the Environment
SIMULATION,
October 1, 2006;
82(10):
635 - 660.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
